Terrorism as a New Social Movement against Democracy

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Abstract

In this article we seek to study terrorism as a new social movement (NSM) with a sociological approach while criticizing the approaches used by other disciplines such as psychology, political science and law to study this issue. Our main arguments is that since terrorism in all around the world is a social and identity phenomenon rather than political and military one, therefore “New Terrorism” may be considered as a counter new social movement which is challenging liberal democracy in modern politics. The simultaneity of expanding terrorism on the one hand and dominating democratic systems and civil society on the other may be said to show new forms of resistance by minorities. The scholars in the discipline of sociology have two general views about terrorism: one is that democracy can bring security back in the global society while the other is that democracy itself produces tension and terrorism. In this article, we seek to argue that the terrorist movements can be said to be mainly against some kind of democratic systems.

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