The Mongol invasion of Iran created deep crises in the political, administrative, economic, and social structures of the country and revealed the necessity of rebuilding the governance system. The aim of this research is to explain the governance strategies of Rashid al-Din Fazlullah Hamedani in managing the structural crises of Iran based on his works and political thought. The present research is fundamental in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of method and, using content analysis, has examined the works of Rashid al-Din, especially Jame’ al-Tawarikh, Waqfnameh Rab al-Rashidi, and Rashidi’s correspondence. The analytical framework of the research is based on contemporary literature on efficient governance and the institutional capacity of the state. The findings show that Rashid al-Din's strategies can be categorized into five main components: strengthening the institutional capacity of the government through meritocracy and bureaucratic reform, rule-based governance by reforming the tax system and fighting corruption, justice-based governance by emphasizing financial justice and observing the public interest, identity-based governance by strengthening the Iranian-Islamic identity and a centralized government, and development-oriented governance through development, education, endowment, and infrastructure development. The results of the study show that Rashid al-Din's political thought provides a coherent model of efficient governance for rebuilding government capacity, increasing political legitimacy, and managing structural crises.