The recent plethora of journalistic articles and scholarly studies on religious fundamentalism reflects a growing recognition of its significant social, cultural and political force. When we speak of fundamentalists we speak of religious groups which:(1) arise in response to crises that they perceive as threatening to the identity of the group;(2) see themselves engaged in struggle against various “others” including secularizers, modernists, secular nationalists and religious traditionalists;(3) tend to mythologize their “others”;(4) follow male charismatic leaders whom they consider to be the authorized interpreters of traditional sacred texts. Among other kinds of fundamentalisms, the Jewish fundamentalism is very important. Gush Emunim (as the most radical group) and Haredim (as the most conservative group) are the most important groups of Jewish fundamentalism, that should be consider in this article. In the other hand we are witnessing the emergence of Post-Zionism in the academic and political arena of western countries. This new trend asks the main assumptions of the Zionist discourse. In this article we are going to speak of these trends in more details.
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