In order to justify and naturalize domination and exploitation of ‘others,’ some ideologies which are less humane have been invented and employed throughout history. Among these ideologies is the ‘West-and-Islam’ dualism, which has been comprehensively and critically studied by Edward Said in Orientalism. Since Orientalism was published in 1978, however, the world seems to have become much more interdependent and political interrelations between the West and Islam have changed dramatically. Consequently this dualism, though more or less in place, has been influenced by escalating waves of globalization and redistributed and reshaped in a different form. Some promising changes in neo-Orientalism as well as some additional dualistic tendencies that can define neo-Orientalism are found in this new era. To portray a better future for our interdependent world, some new approaches to identity, global ethics and global civil society are suggested. Eradicating the roots of Orientalism and Occidentalism alike and accepting, protecting and even promoting diversity are first steps towards thwarting devastating threats that endanger humankind as a whole.
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