Shahnameh is the work of Ferdowsi in a tumultuous period. The collapse of political order and the resulting political and social insecurities is counted as the most conspicuous aspect of social life in that period. Composing Shahnameh shall be considered as a conscious effort in line with maintenance of Iranian identity and an attempt to establish social security, political stability and establishment of wise ruling. Shahnameh begins with formation of the rule and goes on with the role of the ruler in the emergence of jobs and division of social work. Throughout the Shahnameh, there is a retelling of actions and fates of kings and the elite, based on which the present paper studies only the features of ruling and politics in Shahnameh by a descriptive method. In other words, there is an attempt to give appropriate answers to these questions: by what perspective does Shahnameh look at politics and government, on what basis is political authority based and how are different kinds of government categorized?
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