The discourse of the third way in Iran in the constitutional era

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Faculty of Politics, Law and Political Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Usually, in the research related to Iran's constitutional revolution, two discourses, traditional and modern, are considered by researchers. Traditional discourse is considered as the supporter of the status quo, while modern discourse is in opposition to the status quo. Thus, other discourses are not examined. The purpose of this article is to distinguish and identify a discourse called the third way among two modern and traditional discourses, which has received less attention. For this purpose, using the Fairclough's critical discourse analysis. Data was collected from primary and secondary sources and Sources have been reviewed by critical analysis method. The article investigates the discourse of the third way among the works of Davoud Feirahi. The discourse of the third way was a discourse that defined itself against the traditional and modern discourse and at the same time negated the West and tradition, and proved modernity and religion. The main question is "How does the third way discourse resist the traditional discourse?" The possible answer to the question is as follows: the third way discourse in the constitutional era, based on its social contexts, and its discourse position, resists against the ideology and power of traditional discourse, presents itself independently of the traditional and modern discourse.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Adamiat, Fereydon (1985); Ideology of Iran's Constitutional Movement, Sweden: Iran Book Center, second edition (first edition: Payam Publications), first volume.
Adamiat, Fereydon (1985); Ideology of Iran's Constitutional Movement, Volume II: The First parliament and Freedom Crisis, Tehran: Roshan-Garan Publications, First Edition.
Adamiat, Fereydoun (1349); Thoughts of Mirza Fathali Akhundzadeh, Tehran:Kharazmi Publishing Company, first edition.
A group of scholars (1389); Dictionary of Principles of Jurisprudence, Qom: Research Institute of Islamic Sciences and Culture, first edition.
Adjudani, Lotfullah (1399); Iran's intellectuals in the era of constitutionalism, Tehran: Akhtaran publications.
Aghagolzadeh(b), Ferdows (1391); The first collection of essays on discourse analysis and Applicationology by Ferdows Aghagolzadeh, Tehran: Linguistics Association of Iran, Nevise Parsi Publications, Fidibo Electronic Publishing, second edition.
Aghagolzadeh, Ferdous(1391); Description and explanation of ideological linguistic constructions in critical discourse analysis, Quarterly Journal of Comparative Literature and Language Studies, Volume 3, Number 2, Tehran.
 Aghagolzadeh, Ferdous, and Ghiyathian, Maryam sadat (1386); Dominant Approaches in Critical Discourse Analysis, Journal of Language and Linguistics, Volume 3, Number 5, Tehran.
 Brown, Edward (1329); Iran's Revolution, translated by Ahmad Pajouh, Tehran: Kanon Ma'refat.
Fairclough, Norman (1379); Critical Analysis of Discourse, A collection of translators, Tehran: Center for Media Studies and Research, first edition.
Fairclough, Norman(1992), Discourse and Social Change,Cambridge: Polity Press, First published.
Fairclough, Norman(1995),Critical discourse analysis: the critical study of language, Taylor & Francis e-Library, First published.
Fairclough, Norman(2006), New labour, New language, London and NewYork: Routledge.
Fairclough,Norman (2003),Analysing Discourse, Textual analysis for social research, London and NewYork: Routledge Taylor &Francis Group, First published.
Fairclough,Norman(1989), Language and Power, New York:Longman.
Feirahi, Davoud(1396), History of political thought in contemporary Iran, Tehran: University of Tehran, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences.
Feirahi, Davoud(1397), Methodology of political thought, Tehran: University of Tehran, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences.
Feirahi, Davoud(1399), The concept of law in contemporary Iran, Tehran: Nashre Ney, First edition.
Giddens, Anthony (1386), The third way; Reconstruction of Social Democracy, translated by Manouchehr Sabouri Kashani, Tehran: Shirazeh Publishing House, second edition.
Haeri, Abdul Hadi (1364);Shī'īsm and constitutionalism in Iran: a study of the role played by the Persian residents of Iraq in Iranian politics, Tehran: Amir Kabir Publishing House, second edition.
Haghighat, Sadegh and Hosseinizadeh, Mohammad Ali (1387); "Discourse", in Approach and method in political science, Abbas Manouchehri, Tehran: Samt Publications.
Haqdar, Aliasghar (1395); First Parliament and constitutional institutions, Ankara: Literature Club, digital print, second edition with corrections.
Haugh, Helen and Kitson, Michael(2007), The Third Way and the third sector: New Labour's economic policy and the social economy, Cambridge Journal of Economics , November 2007, Vol. 31, No. 6 (November 2007), pp. 973-994 Published by: Oxford University Press.
Kadivar, Mohsen (1387); Siyasatnameye Khorasani  , Tehran: Kavir Publications, second edition.
Kadivar, Mohsen(b)(1387); State theories in Shia jurisprudence, Tehran: Nashre Ney, 7th edition.
Kasravi, Ahmed (1344); Iran's Constitutional History, Tehran: Amir Kabir Publishing House, 6th edition.
Khorasani, Molla Mohammad kazem; The treatise "Necessity of Urgent Treatment of Deadly Diseases", in Zargarinjad, Gholam-Hossein (1387), Constitutionalism treatises ,Volume II, Tehran: Publications of Humanities Research and Development Institute, first edition.
Kranert, Michael(2019), Discourse and Political Culture, The language of the Third Way in Germany and the UK, AMSTERDAM: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Mahmoudi, Seyed Ali (1393); Iranian neo-thinkers, Tehran: Ney Publishing.
MirAhmadi, Mansour (1390); Political thought of Akhund Khorasani,Qom: Research Institute of Islamic Sciences and Culture, first edition.
Moeini Alamdari, Jahangir (1399), Methodology in Political Science, Tehran: Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran.
Naaeni, Mirza Mohammad Hossein Gharavi (1424 Qamri), Tanbih al-Umma and Tanzih al-Mellah, Qom: Publications of the Islamic Office of Qom, first edition.
Nazari, Ali Ashraf (1386), Modern Identity and the appearance of Constitutionalism Discourse in Iran, National Studies Quarterly, Number 4 (32).
Nazim-ul-Islam-Kermani, Mohammad(1395); The history of the awakening of Iranians, Tehran: Par Publications, electronic publication: Taqcheh book reader software, first and second volumes.
Nouri, Sheikh Fazlullah (1362); Bills, by Homa Rezvani, Tehran: Iran History Publication, first edition.
Nouri, Sheikh Fazlullah (1394), Argumentative Fatwa of Sheikh Fazlullah Nouri on Constitutional forbidden, quoted by Feirhi, Davoud (1394), The threshold of modernity, Tehran: Ney Publishing House, first edition.
Phillips, Louis, and Jorgensen Marianne (1394); Discourse Analysis as Theory and Method, translated by Hadi Jalili, Tehran: Ney Publishing, Fidibo Electronic Publishing.
Sadra, Mohammad (1399), Seyyed Jamal and the third way in the entry of the Islamic society into the new era, Transcendent Policy Research Quarterly,number 31, pp. 121-138.
Sariolqalam, Mahmoud(1390); Iranian authoritarianism in the Qajar era.
Sarparast Sadaat, Seyed Ebrahim(1397), paradigmology and critical recognition of democracy in the political current of Iranian Socialism in Second Pahlavi Period, Iranian Sociology Quarterly Journal, 1st year, 2nd issue, summer 1397, pp. 91-126.
Shakuri, Abolfazl (1370), Hojjat al-Islam Zanjani, a representative of the third school of thought in Iran's constitutional revolution, Yaad magazine, Spring 1370, No. 22, pp123-109.
Shamim, Ali Asghar (1383); Iran during the Qajar monarchy, Tehran: Zaryab Publications, second edition.
Soltani, Seyyed Aliasghar (1387); power, discourse and language, Tehran: Neshre Ney, second edition.
Tabatabaei,Seyyed Javad(1386); School of Tabriz and the foundations of modernism, Tabriz: Stoudeh Publishing House, second edition.
 Tabatabaifar, Seyyed Mohsen (1391); Sultani order from the point of view of Shia political thought(Safawiyyah and Qajar period), Tehran: Nashre ney, second edition.
Tahmasabi, Toos (1383), The Third Way in the Criticism, Raahbord Scientific Quarterly, No.32, pp. 352-364.
Tajik, Mohammad Reza (1390); Post-politics; theory and method, Tehran: Nashere Ney, first edition.
Zargrinejad, Gholam Hosein (1395); Siyāsatnāmeh Qajari, first volume, Tehran: Negaristan Andisheh, first edition.