The political and media factors of Trust to Political fractions in Shiraz city

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Faculty member of Shiraz University

Abstract

This paper investigated the relationship between the political and media factors and trust in political fractions 18 years and older residents in Shiraz city. The sample size was 402 cases that were selected by multi-stage classified sampling. Using the survey method and the self-administered questionnaire, the validity and reliability of questionnaire were evaluated by face validity and Cornbrash’s alpha coefficient, respectively. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the level of trust in political fractions according to the use of domestic radios, domestic television, and magazines and newspapers, and political orientation. The use of domestic media and principality orientation were accompanied with more trust to political fractions. There is no significant difference between the level of trust in political fractions according to the use of satellites, the internet, and abroad Persian-language radios, but there is an indirect and direct significant relationship between the degree of trust to political fractions and the membership period in social networks and the level of awareness of the fractions, respectively. Independent variables explained 22.3% of the dependent variable variances. The overall result is that the political orientation and use of convergent and divergent media with the political system have a different effect on trust in political fractions.

Keywords

Main Subjects


Aarts, K.; Fladmoe, A.; Strömback, J. (2011). 'Media and political trust across countries. In: How the media inform democracy: A comparative approach edited by Toril Aalberg and James Curran, Routledge.
Almond, G. A. & Verba, S. (1963). The Civic Culture: Political Attitudes and Democracy in Five Nations, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
Asadpoor, A., Moradi, A. (2020). The Role of Media Literacy in Political Trust (Case Study: People of Shahinshahr). Rasaneh, 31(3), 55-81. (In Persian).
Ashtarian, K., Amirzadeh, M. (2015). Investigation of the effects of social networks on political participation (Case study: Tehran). Political Quarterly, 45(4), 825-841. (In Persian).
Beesley, C., & Hawkins, D. (2022). Corruption, institutional trust and political engagement in Peru. World Development151, 105743.
Bilsky, W., & Schwartz, S. H. (1994). Values and personality. European journal of personality8(3), 163-181.
Blind, P. K. (2006), “Building Trust in Government in the Twenty-first Century: Review of Literature and Emerging Issues.” November 2006, pp. 3-4. unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/un/unpan025062.pdf.
Boulianne, Sh. (2015). Social Media Use and Participation: A Meta-analysis of Current Research. Information, Communication & Society, 18(5): 524–538.
Bourdieu, P. (1986). The Forms of Capital. pp. 58-241 in J. G. Richardson (ed.), Handbook of Theory a Research for the Sociology of Education, Greenwood Press, New York.
Bretzer, Y. N. (2004), How Can Institutions Better Explain Political Trust than Social Capital Does? University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Campbell, A., Converse, P. E., Miller, W. E., and Stokes, D. E. (1960). The American Voter. New York: Wiley.
Capella, J. and Jamieson, K. H. (1997). Spiral of Cynicism. New York: Oxford University Press.
Catterberg, G., & Moreno, A. (2006). The individual bases of political trust: Trends in new and established democracies. International journal of public opinion research18(1), 31-48.
Coleman, J.  (1998). Foundations of Social Theory. Translated to Persian Language by M. Sabouri. Tehran: Ney Publications.
Crete, J., Pelletier, R., and Couture, J. (2006), Political Trust in Canada: What Matters: Politics or Economics? Paper Prepared for Delivery at the Annual Meeting of the Canadian Political Science Association, York University, Toronto,Ontario, June 1- 4.
Dalton, R. J. (2006) Citizen Politics: Public Opinion and Political Parties in Advanced Industrial Democracies. Washington, D. C.: Congressional Quarterly Press. 4th edition.
Danaee fard, H., Hassan zadeh, A., Nasrollahi, S. (2014). Survey of the Key Methods of Improving Public Trust to Government. Political Strategic Studies, 3(8), 101-118. (In Persian).
Desposato, S. C.; Wang, G.; Wu, J. Y. (2021). "The long-term impact of mobilization and repression on political trust", Comparative Political Studies, first published March 16, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414021997171.
Easton, D. (1965). A Systems Analysis of Political Life. New York: Wiley.
Esmaeeli, H., & Nasrollahi, A. (2016). Studying the Role of Persian Language Satellite TV Channels in Youths Political Culture; a Case Study of Tehran Districts 1 to 5, Communication Research, 22(84), 139-156.
Fazeli, A., heydari, A., & moradi, R. (2019). Investigating the Impact of the Socio-Cultural Factors Effecting on Political Orientation in Ahvaz and Yasouj. Quarterly Journal of Social Development (Previously Human Development), 13(2), 59-90. doi: 10.22055/qjsd.2019.14189.
Fuchs, D., and Klingemann, H.-D. (1995). Citizens and the state: A changing relationship? In: Hans-Dieter Klingemann and Dieter Fuchs (eds.) Citizens and the state. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1-23.
Ghaderzadeh, O., Ahmadi, Y., & Miarghonj, K. (2017). A Survey Research on the Political Culture Orientations of Teachers and Its Factors. Quarterly of Social Studies and Research in Iran, 6(2), 231-256. doi: 10.22059/jisr.2017.203912.340
Giddens, A. (2021). Sociology. Translated to Persian Language by M. Sabouri. Tehran: Markaz Publications.
Habermas, J. (2001). Legitimation Crisis. Translated to Persian Language by Jahangir Moieni. Tehran: Gam-e-Now Publications. (In Persian).
Hetherington, M. J. (1998). The political relevance of political trust. American political science review, 92(4), 791-808.
Holmberg, S. (1997). Dynamic opinion representation. Scandinavian Political Studies20(3), 265-283.
Inglehart, R. (1990). Culture Shift in Advanced Industrial Society. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Inkeles, A. (1983). Exploring Individual Modernity. New York: Columbia University Press.
Iran Statistics Center (2017). Iran National Population Census, 2016. Tehran: Iran Statistics Center. (In Persian).
Jahangiri, J Mohammadi, F. (2014). A Comparative Study of Noorabad Mamasani's Young and Middle-Aged People's Political Participation and the Related Social Factors, Journal of Social Science 11(1), 1-26. (In Persian).
Khanbashi, M. (2012). Impact of Economic Factors on Political Trust. Strategy, 20(4),277 -315.
Kim, J. Y. (2005). Bowling Together" isn’t a Cure-All: The Relationship between Social Capital and Political Trust in South Korea, International Political Science Review, 26(2): 193-213.
Kooshki, A. (2017). The study of the relationship between mass media use and citizenship political trust; the case of Sabzvar county teachers", Urban and Rural Management Journal, 47: 165-178. (In Persian).
Lin, N. (1976). The Foundations of Social Research. New York: Mc-Graw Hill.
Lu, J., Qi, L., & Yu, X. (2019). Political trust in the internet context: A comparative study in 36 countries. Government information quarterly36(4), 101386.
McAllister, I. (1999), "The Economic Performance of Governments", In Critical Citizen, Global Support for Democratic Government, edited by P. Norris. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Mirfardi, A., Ahmadi Gharnaiee, H. (2017). The Study of the Relationships between altruistic tendencies and Social trust in Interpersonal Relationships: the Case of 18 Years and Older Residents of Yasouj City. Journal of Applied Sociology, 27(4), 27-46. (In Persian).
Mirfardi, A., Karimi, M., Esaei Khosh, K. (2020). The investigation of the role of evaluation of political parties and organizations in participation of Shiraz Residents in the elections. Bi-Quarterly Political Knowledge, 16(2), 649-670. (In Persian). 
Mirfardi, A.; Faraji, F. (2014). The study of the relationship between socialization factors and tendency toward law-breaking. Socio-Cultural Strategy, 3(3), 41-68. (In Persian).
Moussavi, M. T. (2010). The idea of social capital: social consensus, political development, and national security, Political Science Quarterly, 13: 115-138.
Newton, K. (2001) “Trust, Social Capital, Civil Society, and Democracy”, International Political Science Review, Vol. 22, No. 2.
Panahi, M., Shaygan, F. (2007). The impact of religiosity on political trust. Social Sciences, 14(37), 73-108. (In Persian).
Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling alone: the collapse and revival of American community. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Rahbarghazi, M., Nassaj, H., Gourabi, S. Y. (2016a). Value and social priorities as factors predicting political spectrums of conservatism (osulgaraei) and reformism (eslahtalabi): case study of citizens of Isfahan city), Majlis & Rahbord, 23 (86), 95 -118.
Rice، L. L.; Moffett، K. W. F, and Madupalli، R. (2012). “Campaign-Related Social Networking and the Political Participation of College Students", Social Science Computer Review، 31(3) 257-279.
Robinson, M. J. (1976). "Public affairs television and the growth of political malaise: The case of ‘the selling of the Pentagon". American Political Science Review 70: 409-432.
Sardarnia, k., Ghodrati, H., Islam, A. (2011). The Impact of Good Governance and Social Capital on Political Trust: Case Study of Mashad and Sabzevar Cities. Research Letter of Political Science, 5(1),135 -165.
Shayegan, F. (2010). Attitudes towards Social and Economic Welfare and its Relation with Political Trust among Tehran Residents. Social Development & Welfare Planning, 2(3), 145-178.
Sztompka, P. (2007). Trust: A Sociological Theory. Translated to Persian Language by Gholamreza Ghafari, Tehran: Shirazeh Publications. First Edition. (In Persian).
Talebi, A., Heidari, S., Fatemi Nia, S. (2011). Factors influencing Political Trust: A Survey among Students of Sharif University of Technology. Research Letter of Political Science, 3(4): 179-208. (In Persian).
Williams, J. (1965). “Systematic Influences on Political Trust: The Importance of Perceived Institutional Performance,” Political Methodology, 11(1- 2), 125-142.
Wu, C.; Wilkes, R. (2018). "Local–national political trust patterns: Why China is an exception", International Political Science Review, 39 (4): 436-454.
Zareie, A., Sharafi, V., Bahmani, M. (2016). The Effect of Integrated Political Marketing Communications and Social Media on the Selection of Candidates in the Tenth Parliament Election. Research Letter of Political Science, 11(4), 97-124.
Zhai, Y. (2019). "Popular democratic perception matters for political trust in authoritarian regimes", Politics, 39 (4): 411-429.
Zmerli, S. and van der Meer, T. W.G. (Eds.) (2017). Handbook on Political Trust. Edward Elgar Pub.